9 (3) 2025, JULY 2025
Pages: 64-73
DOI: 10.63551/jggpb.vol.9.issue03.001
Heterosis and combining ability in full diallel crosses for yield and yield component traits in pepper (Capsicum spp.)
Author: N.M. Akpan, E. E. Bassey, G.I. Harry, I.I. Dominic
Category: Plant breeding
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Abstract:
The present investigation was conducted to evaluate mid parent heterosis (MPH), better parent heterosis (BPH), general combining ability(GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for yield and it related traits in pepper. Experimental materials consisted of seven parental genotypes and their forty two F1’s developed by full diallel mating design. Significant differences were observed among the pepper genotypes in all the characters studied as the hybrid, Scotch bonnet♀ x Anitillias♂ was significantly higher in fruit weight per plant (429.80g) and fruit yield per hectare (17.19t/ha) when compared to other genotypes. All the hybrids were found to show a significant (p< 0.05) positive MPH for all the traits. BPH which is important to breeders was highest in the hybrid Ntuen okpo♀ x Tatse♂ for fruit weight per plant (53.28%) and fruit yield per hectare (53.29%). Significant GCA and SCA effect were obtained for all characters analyzed, indicating the importance of both additive and non-additive genetic components. The genotype Scotch bonnet was the best general combiner for fruit weight per plant and fruit yield per hectare while the hybrid Tatse♀ x Ntuen okpo♂ was the best specific combiner for fruit weight per plant and fruit yield per hectare. Therefore application of hybridization breeding method may result in improved productivity of pepper.
Keywords: Combining ability, diallel crosses, heterosis, yield, yield component
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